Sharya is a town in Kostroma Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vetluga River 330 kilometers northeast of Kostroma, the administ…Sharya is a town in Kostroma Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vetluga River 330 kilometers northeast of Kostroma, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 20,439 ; 23,681 ; 24,900 ; 27,062 ; 26,000.