Mantle plume - Wikipedia
WebA mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism. Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps.
Mantle plumes and their role in Earth processes - Nature
WebMay 25, 2021 · More than 18 mantle plumes appear to originate from the deepest regions in Earth’s mantle. Mantle plumes influence surface processes, including continental break-up and mass extinctions.
Hot Spots - Education | National Geographic Society
WebOct 19, 2023 · A hot spot is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth, called the crust, where magma is hotter than surrounding magma. The magma plume causes melting and thinning …
Earth’s mantle composition revealed by mantle plumes
WebAug 29, 2023 · Mantle plumes originate at depths near the core−mantle boundary (~2,800 km). As such, they provide invaluable information about the composition of the deep mantle and insight into convection,...
Mantle Plumes | SpringerLink
WebJan 1, 2021 · Definition. Mantle plumes : Localized upwelling currents of solid rock that are hotter, thus less dense, than the surrounding mantle. Hotspots. Plate tectonics provides a framework for interpreting volcanism at plate boundaries, namely, along spreading ridges (divergent boundaries) and subduction zones (convergent boundaries).
Mantle Plume - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
WebA mantle plume is a buoyant mass of material in the mantle, which rises because of its buoyancy. The existence of mantle plumes in Earth was first suggested by J. Tuzo Wilson (1963) as an explanation of oceanic island chains, such as the Hawaiian-Emperor chain, which change progressively in age along the chain ( Fig. 3.10 ).
The rise and fall of mantle plumes - Nature
WebMay 27, 2020 · Mantle plumes give rise to some of the most volcanically active regions on Earth (such as Hawaii) and represent a key component of planetary dynamics. Deep-seated plumes are typically...
Hot Spots and Mantle Plumes | SpringerLink
WebJan 1, 2016 · Mantle Plume. Mantle plumes are relatively narrow columns of hot, buoyant rock rising from the deep mantle, probably the core–mantle boundary in many cases, and partially melting in the uppermost mantle. The magma produced in this way is responsible for hot spot volcanism and oceanic volcanic islands and seamounts. Introduction.
Mantle Plume – Spreading Ridge Interactions | SpringerLink
WebAug 7, 2020 · Mantle plume : The mechanism of up-welling of buoyant mantle material through a quasi-cylindrical structure for the formation of large igneous provinces, linear aseismic ridges, plateaus and islands on surface of the Earth. Hotspot : Place of anomalous volcanism compared with the surrounding mantle; the process melts the mantle rocks …
The evolution of the Galápagos mantle plume | Science Advances
WebMar 10, 2023 · The Galápagos mantle plume presents an outstanding opportunity to study plume evolution because all stages of its 90–million year (Ma) history are recorded in erupted basalts either in the Pacific, in terranes accreted onto Central America (27, 28), or in the modern Galápagos (the present-day products of the plume tail).
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