Blue-Green Algae Products and Microcystins | FDA
WEBDec 6, 2021 · These cyanobacteria produce natural toxins called microcystins, which can present health risks. If companies do not test for microcystins, the AFA they harvest could inadvertently be contaminated...
Microcystin - Wikipedia
WEBCharacteristics. Chemical structure of microcystin-LR. Microcystins—or cyanoginosins—are a class of toxins [8] produced by certain freshwater cyanobacteria; primarily Microcystis aeruginosa but also other Microcystis, as well as members of the Planktothrix, Anabaena, Oscillatoria and Nostoc genera.
WEB1.1 Identity. Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic peptides produced by a number of species of cyanobacteria. MCs were first characterized in the early 1980s and named after the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa from which they were initially isolated. MCs share a common cyclic heptapeptide structure of cyclo-(D-Ala1-X2-D-Masp3-Z4-Adda5-D-Glu6 ...
Structural Diversity, Characterization and Toxicology of Microcystins
WEBDec 7, 2019 · Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are the most widespread class of cyanotoxins and the one that has most often been implicated in cyanobacterial toxicosis. One of the main challenges in studying and monitoring MCs is the great structural diversity within the class.
Microcystin Toxicokinetics, Molecular Toxicology, and …
WEBJul 29, 2021 · Microcystins are ubiquitous toxins produced by photoautotrophic cyanobacteria. Human exposures to microcystins occur through the consumption of contaminated drinking water, fish and shellfish, vegetables, and algal dietary supplements and through recreational activities.
Microcystins: Biogenesis, Toxicity, Analysis, and Control
WEBSep 21, 2020 · Microcystins are cyclic peptide toxins formed by cyanobacteria. These toxins are recognized for their association with algal blooms, posing a significant threat to ecosystems and drinking water quality. Due to the growing environmental concerns they raise, a comprehensive review on microcystins' gen …
A Mini-Review on Detection Methods of Microcystins - PMC
WEBOct 4, 2020 · Abstract. Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) produce microcystins (MCs) which are associated with animal and human hepatotoxicity. Over 270 variants of MC exist. MCs have been continually studied due of their toxic consequences.
Chemical fact sheets: Microcystins (cyanobacterial toxins)
WEBMay 18, 2022 · Chemical fact sheets: Microcystins (cyanobacterial toxins) 18 May 2022. | Technical document. Download (85.6 kB) Overview. Chapter 12 of the Guidelines for drinking-water Quality (GDWQ) includes fact sheets on chemical contaminants, based on comprehensive review documents published by WHO.
Microcystins: Biogenesis, Toxicity, Analysis, and Control
WEBMicrocystins are cyclic peptide toxins formed by cyanobacteria. These toxins are recognized for their association with algal blooms, posing a significant threat to ecosystems and drinking water quality.
Microcystin biosynthesis and toxic effects - ScienceDirect
WEBMay 1, 2021 · Microcystins are toxins produced by a variety of bloom-forming cyanobacteria that can cause hepatotoxicity in humans and animals. In this review article, we summarize progress in the understanding of microcystin biosynthesis and the effects of this toxin on surrounding organisms.
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