It turned out to be “chemosynthesis,” in which bacteria oxidize inorganic materials, primarily hydrogen sulfide, in chemical reactions that in turn provide the energy to sustain higher life forms.

A string of clams winds across a vent. Through chemosynthesis, it turns out. Vent species rely not on photons from the sun but on chemicals from the Earth's interior. Tiny microbes oxidize the ...

The deep sea, a realm of darkness, mystery, and immense pressure, covers over 65% of Earth’s surface and remains one of the ...

Among deep sea communities, marine snow, whale falls, and chemosynthesis occurring at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps supply the majority of their energy and nutrients. A nutrient-rich layer of ...

This process is called chemosynthesis. NARRATOR: Well, sort of. Pizza doesn't come from Mars it originally comes from Italy, but if we look at something called a food chain we can see that all the ...

Requires sunlight Does not produce oxygen. 3) Chemosynthesis: Converts carbon dioxide and reduced chemicals (e.g., sulfide) into sugar and oxidized minerals (e.g., sulfate). Instead of light ...

Life on Europa, if it exists, would need to utilize chemosynthesis for energy, as the moon’s thick ice layer blocks sunlight.

Upon the discovery of aflatoxin in 1960, and chemosynthesis by Phillip Morris in 1966, the tobacco industry was likely aware that ammonia neutralized aflatoxin as well. Aflatoxin is 200 times more ...

This process is called chemosynthesis. NARRATOR: Well, sort of. Pizza doesn't come from Mars it originally comes from Italy, but if we look at something called a food chain we can see that all the ...